Mercatoria

Image credits

The plates on this site are historical works in the public domain or under open licenses, reproduced from Wikimedia Commons. On the site they are shown in the site's chart colors; each can be viewed in its original colors.

WorkHolder or authorLicenseSource
Portolan chart by Angelino Dalorto, 1325, from the 1929 facsimile of the Royal Geographical Society.National Library of Australia. Public domain.Public domainWikimedia Commons
The Lendit fair at Saint-Denis, in a French illumination of about 1330.Illumination, about 1330. Public domain.Public domainWikimedia Commons
Georg Gisze of Danzig, a Hanseatic merchant at the London Steelyard, painted by Hans Holbein the Younger in 1532.Gemäldegalerie, Berlin. Public domain.Public domainWikimedia Commons
William Murray, Lord Mansfield, Chief Justice of England from 1756 to 1788. Drawing by Francesco Bartolozzi after John Singleton Copley.The Metropolitan Museum of Art. CC0.CC0Wikimedia Commons
Effects of Good Government in the City, fresco by Ambrogio Lorenzetti, 1338 to 1339, in the council hall of the Palazzo Pubblico, Siena.Public domain.Public domainWikimedia Commons
A Portraiture of the City of Philadelphia: Thomas Holme's plan of 1683, a city designed before it was built.Bibliothèque nationale de France. Public domain.Public domainWikimedia Commons
The courtyard of the Amsterdam Exchange, by Job Berckheyde, about 1670.Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen, Rotterdam. Public domain.Public domainWikimedia Commons
The port of Livorno, by an unknown painter of the seventeenth century.Photograph by Sailko, CC BY 3.0.CC BY 3.0Wikimedia Commons
A new arrival at the Hotel de Inmigrantes, Buenos Aires, 1910.Archivo General de la Nación, Argentina. Public domain.Public domainWikimedia Commons
The seal of the burghers of Lübeck, 1280, showing a Hanseatic cog.Photograph by Wolfgang Sauber. Public domain.Public domainWikimedia Commons
The Trelew store of the Compañía Mercantil del Chubut, the Welsh settlers' trading cooperative, in 1913.Public domain.Public domainWikimedia Commons
Plaza de la Victoria, the square of the 1810 cabildo abierto, painted by Carlos Enrique Pellegrini in 1829.Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Buenos Aires. Public domain.Public domainWikimedia Commons
The Caravanserai-i-Shah at Qazvin, drawn by Eugène Flandin on his journey through Persia in 1840.Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam. CC0.CC0Wikimedia Commons
The caravanserai of the mother of Shah Sultan Husayn, Isfahan, from Pascal Coste's Monuments modernes de la Perse, 1867.Public domain.Public domainWikimedia Commons
A caravan with banners and trumpets, painted by Yahya ibn Mahmud al-Wasiti in 1237 for the Maqamat of al-Hariri.Bibliothèque nationale de France. Public domain.Public domainWikimedia Commons
The Caravanserai-i-Shah at Qazvin, drawn by Eugène Flandin in 1840.From Voyage en Perse, 1851. Public domain.Public domainWikimedia Commons
Mansa Musa on the Catalan Atlas of 1375, attributed to Abraham Cresques.Bibliothèque nationale de France. Public domain.Public domainWikimedia Commons
A page from a work on the calculation of numbers in astronomy, from the manuscripts of Timbuktu. Date unknown.World Digital Library, Library of Congress. Public domain.Public domainWikimedia Commons
The yearly replastering of the Great Mosque of Djenné, photographed in April 2009.Photograph by Ralf Steinberger. CC BY 2.0.CC BY 2.0Wikimedia Commons
Kigali at dusk. The agreement establishing the African Continental Free Trade Area was signed here in March 2018.Photograph by Adrien K. CC BY 2.0.CC BY 2.0Wikimedia Commons
Lübeck, from Hartmann Schedel's Nuremberg Chronicle, 1493.Public domain.Public domainWikimedia Commons
The Mayflower in Plymouth Harbor, by William Halsall, 1882.Pilgrim Hall Museum. Public domain.Public domainWikimedia Commons
Venice in Jacopo de' Barbari's bird's-eye view of 1500.Museo Correr, Venice. Public domain.Public domainWikimedia Commons
A ship under sail, in a relief on the first gallery of Borobudur, Central Java, carved in the eighth or ninth century. Photographed by Kassian Cephas about 1888.Leiden University Library, KITLV 84598. Public domain.Public domainWikimedia Commons
The Great Stupa at Sanchi, photographed by Lala Deen Dayal in the 1880s.J. Paul Getty Museum. CC0.CC0Wikimedia Commons
Draco's law on homicide, the one part of Draco's code Solon kept, republished on marble in 409/8 BC. A heading in its text reads “First axon”, after the wooden tablets that held the laws.Epigraphic Museum, Athens. Photograph by TimeTravelRome, CC BY 2.0.CC BY 2.0Wikimedia Commons
The town hall of Stralsund, with the church of St Nicholas behind it. Photochrom print, about 1890 to 1900.Library of Congress, Photochrom Print Collection. Public domain.Public domainWikimedia Commons
The miniature that opens the law of ships, headed Van schiprechte, in Hamburg's illuminated town law of 1497.Staatsarchiv Hamburg. Photograph by Ajepbah of a reproduction in the Museum für Hamburgische Geschichte. CC BY-SA 3.0.CC BY-SA 3.0Wikimedia Commons
Vågen, the harbor of Bergen, with the gabled warehouses of Bryggen along the quay at left. Photograph by Marcus Selmer, before 1900.Norwegian Directorate for Cultural Heritage. Public domain.Public domainWikimedia Commons
Dirck Tybis of Duisburg, one of the merchants of the London Steelyard, painted by Hans Holbein the Younger in 1533.Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna. Public domain.Public domainWikimedia Commons
The Compact in William Bradford’s hand, page 54 of Of Plimoth Plantation, the history he wrote between 1630 and 1650. The signed original does not survive.State Library of Massachusetts; reproduced in James Truslow Adams, The Founding of New England, 1921. Public domain.Public domainWikimedia Commons
Plimouth and Cape James on Captain John Smith’s map of New England, from his survey of 1614, engraved by Simon van de Passe and first published in 1616.From A Description of New England, London, 1616, University of California copy via HathiTrust. Public domain.Public domainWikimedia Commons
Townspeople at the town meeting in Woodstock, Vermont, in March 1940, photographed by Marion Post Wolcott.Farm Security Administration, Library of Congress. Public domain.Public domainWikimedia Commons
First light over the Atlantic from Coast Guard Beach, Eastham, on the outer shore of Cape Cod, September 2016. On 9 November 1620 the Mayflower stood south along this shore.Photograph by Aprof2. CC BY-SA 4.0.CC BY-SA 4.0Wikimedia Commons
Gondolas on the lagoon, by Francesco Guardi, about 1765.Museo Poldi Pezzoli, Milan. Public domain.Public domainWikimedia Commons
The doge and the Great Council assembled in their hall in the Doge's Palace, in a painting of the early 1760s attributed to Canaletto.Statens Museum for Kunst, Copenhagen. Public domain.Public domainWikimedia Commons
View of the Venetian Lagoon with the Tower of Malghera, by Francesco Guardi, probably 1770s.The National Gallery, London. Public domain.Public domainWikimedia Commons
Textile with a Forested Landscape: cotton printed and painted in Gujarat for the archipelago, late fourteenth or early fifteenth century.The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. CC0.CC0Wikimedia Commons
The opening of the Undang-Undang Laut, the maritime laws of Melaka, in a copy made about 1829.Leiden University Libraries, Or. 1726. CC BY 4.0.CC BY 4.0Wikimedia Commons
Ships at anchor in the Singapore Strait, at the southern end of the Strait of Malacca, in February 2016.Photograph by ---=XEON=---. CC BY 3.0.CC BY 3.0Wikimedia Commons
A panel on the southern gateway of the Great Stupa at Sanchi, first century BCE to first century CE. The inscription in the band above the figures records that the ivory carvers of Vidisha did the carving.Photograph by Anandajoti Bhikkhu (Photo Dharma), 2017. CC BY 2.0.CC BY 2.0Wikimedia Commons
The veranda of Cave 10 at Nasik, made at Ushavadata's order. The record of his endowment is carved in this veranda, over the doorway of the left-hand cell.Photograph by Anandajoti Bhikkhu (Photo Dharma), 2017. CC BY 2.0.CC BY 2.0Wikimedia Commons
GIFT City beside the Sabarmati at Gandhinagar, Gujarat, seen from the air in September 2025.Photograph by Brihaspati. CC BY-SA 4.0.CC BY-SA 4.0Wikimedia Commons
The Pnyx, where the assembly of Athens met from the end of the sixth century BC, with the Acropolis beyond.Photograph by George E. Koronaios, CC BY-SA 4.0.CC BY-SA 4.0Wikimedia Commons
An Athenian amphora for oil, about 600 BC, of the kind called SOS after the pattern on its neck. It was found at Vulci, in Etruria.British Museum. Photograph by Zunkir, CC BY-SA 4.0.CC BY-SA 4.0Wikimedia Commons
The ancient road below the Spilia quarry on Mount Pentelikon, whose marble built much of the Acropolis. Photographed in 1990.Photograph by Mark Landon, CC BY 4.0.CC BY 4.0Wikimedia Commons

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